In classical optics the amplitudes are small enough that the electrons ' oscillation velocities are always very small compared with the speed of light 古典光學(xué)中,由于振幅很小,以致振動的速度與光速相較根本微不足道。
Although light waves in the regime of classical optics can have electric fields as strong as those near bolts of lightning , these fields are not effective for accelerating particles on their own , because they oscillate transversely 在古典光學(xué)中,雖然光波的電場有可能大到如閃電雷擊的程度,但因為電場是以橫向振蕩的,所以無法有效用來加速粒子。